"ull" meaning in Old Norse

See ull in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *wullล, whence also Old English wull (English wool), Old Frisian wolle, Old High German wolla (German Wolle), Gothic ๐…๐Œฟ๐Œป๐Œป๐Œฐ (wulla). Etymology templates: {{root|non|ine-pro|*hโ‚‚welhโ‚-|id=wool}}, {{inh|non|gem-pro|*wullล}} Proto-Germanic *wullล, {{cog|ang|wull}} Old English wull, {{cog|en|wool}} English wool, {{cog|ofs|wolle}} Old Frisian wolle, {{cog|goh|wolla}} Old High German wolla, {{cog|de|Wolle}} German Wolle, {{cog|got|๐…๐Œฟ๐Œป๐Œป๐Œฐ}} Gothic ๐…๐Œฟ๐Œป๐Œป๐Œฐ (wulla) Head templates: {{head|non|noun|genitive|ullar|or|||{{{datacc}}}||{{{dative}}}||{{{3}}}|or|||{{{ap}}}|g=f|g2=|head=|sort=|tr=}} ull f (genitive ullar), {{non-noun|f|ullar}} ull f (genitive ullar) Inflection templates: {{non-decl-f-o|ull|ull|dsd=ullinni, ullunni|dsi=ull, ullu}}, {{non-decl-blank-full|apd=ullarnar|api=ullar|asd=ullina|asi=ull|dpd=ullunum|dpi=ullum|dsd=ullinni, ullunni|dsi=ull, ullu|g=feminine|gpd=ullanna|gpi=ulla|gsd=ullarinnar|gsi=ullar|notes=|npd=ullarnar|npi=ullar|nsd=ullin|nsi=ull|stem=strong ล-stem|title=ull}}, {{non-decl-cell|ull|nsi}}, {{non-decl-cell|ullin|nsd}}, {{non-decl-cell|ullar|npi}}, {{non-decl-cell|ullarnar|npd}}, {{non-decl-cell|ull|asi}}, {{non-decl-cell|ullina|asd}}, {{non-decl-cell|ullar|api}}, {{non-decl-cell|ullarnar|apd}}, {{non-decl-cell|ull, ullu|dsi}}, {{non-decl-cell|ullinni, ullunni|dsd}}, {{non-decl-cell|ullum|dpi}}, {{non-decl-cell|ullunum|dpd}}, {{non-decl-cell|ullar|gsi}}, {{non-decl-cell|ullarinnar|gsd}}, {{non-decl-cell|ulla|gpi}}, {{non-decl-cell|ullanna|gpd}} Forms: ullar [genitive], strong [table-tags], ull [indefinite, nominative, singular], ullin [definite, nominative, singular], ullar [indefinite, nominative, plural], ullarnar [definite, nominative, plural], ull [accusative, indefinite, singular], ullina [accusative, definite, singular], ullar [accusative, indefinite, plural], ullarnar [accusative, definite, plural], ull [dative, indefinite, singular], ullu [dative, indefinite, singular], ullinni [dative, definite, singular], ullunni [dative, definite, singular], ullum [dative, indefinite, plural], ullunum [dative, definite, plural], ullar [genitive, indefinite, singular], ullarinnar [definite, genitive, singular], ulla [genitive, indefinite, plural], ullanna [definite, genitive, plural]
  1. wool Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-ull-non-noun-~rZyoubq Categories (other): Old Norse entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 10 entries, Pages with entries, Anatomy

Inflected forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "lang_code": "is",
      "raw_tags": [
        "f"
      ],
      "word": "ull"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Faroese",
      "lang_code": "fo",
      "raw_tags": [
        "f"
      ],
      "word": "ull"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "lang_code": "nn",
      "raw_tags": [
        "f"
      ],
      "word": "ull"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmรฅl",
      "lang_code": "nb",
      "raw_tags": [
        "m or f"
      ],
      "word": "ull"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "lang_code": "sv",
      "raw_tags": [
        "c"
      ],
      "word": "ull"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Danish",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "raw_tags": [
        "c"
      ],
      "word": "uld"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "*wullล",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wullล"
    ],
    [
      "wull",
      "wull#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "wool",
      "wool#English"
    ],
    [
      "wolle",
      "wolle#Old_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "wolla",
      "wolla#Old_High_German"
    ],
    [
      "Wolle",
      "Wolle#German"
    ],
    [
      "๐…๐Œฟ๐Œป๐Œป๐Œฐ",
      "๐…๐Œฟ๐Œป๐Œป๐Œฐ#Gothic"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*hโ‚‚welhโ‚-",
        "id": "wool"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*wullล"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wullล",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "wull"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English wull",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "wool"
      },
      "expansion": "English wool",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ofs",
        "2": "wolle"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Frisian wolle",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "wolla"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German wolla",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Wolle"
      },
      "expansion": "German Wolle",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "๐…๐Œฟ๐Œป๐Œป๐Œฐ"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic ๐…๐Œฟ๐Œป๐Œป๐Œฐ (wulla)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *wullล, whence also Old English wull (English wool), Old Frisian wolle, Old High German wolla (German Wolle), Gothic ๐…๐Œฟ๐Œป๐Œป๐Œฐ (wulla).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ullar",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "non-decl-f-o",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ล-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ull",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ullin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ullar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ullarnar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ull",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ullina",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ullar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ullarnar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ull",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ullu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ullinni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ullunni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ullum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ullunum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ullar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ullarinnar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ulla",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ullanna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "10": "{{{dative}}}",
        "11": "",
        "12": "{{{3}}}",
        "13": "or",
        "14": "",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{ap}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "genitive",
        "4": "ullar",
        "5": "or",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{datacc}}}",
        "9": "",
        "g": "f",
        "g2": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ull f (genitive ullar)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "2": "ullar"
      },
      "expansion": "ull f (genitive ullar)",
      "name": "non-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ull",
        "2": "ull",
        "dsd": "ullinni, ullunni",
        "dsi": "ull, ullu"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-f-o"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "apd": "ullarnar",
        "api": "ullar",
        "asd": "ullina",
        "asi": "ull",
        "dpd": "ullunum",
        "dpi": "ullum",
        "dsd": "ullinni, ullunni",
        "dsi": "ull, ullu",
        "g": "feminine",
        "gpd": "ullanna",
        "gpi": "ulla",
        "gsd": "ullarinnar",
        "gsi": "ullar",
        "notes": "",
        "npd": "ullarnar",
        "npi": "ullar",
        "nsd": "ullin",
        "nsi": "ull",
        "stem": "strong ล-stem",
        "title": "ull"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-blank-full"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ull",
        "2": "nsi"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ullin",
        "2": "nsd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ullar",
        "2": "npi"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ullarnar",
        "2": "npd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ull",
        "2": "asi"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ullina",
        "2": "asd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ullar",
        "2": "api"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ullarnar",
        "2": "apd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ull, ullu",
        "2": "dsi"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ullinni, ullunni",
        "2": "dsd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ullum",
        "2": "dpi"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ullunum",
        "2": "dpd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ullar",
        "2": "gsi"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ullarinnar",
        "2": "gsd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ulla",
        "2": "gpi"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ullanna",
        "2": "gpd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Norse",
  "lang_code": "non",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 10 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "non",
          "name": "Anatomy",
          "orig": "non:Anatomy",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "wool"
      ],
      "id": "en-ull-non-noun-~rZyoubq",
      "links": [
        [
          "wool",
          "wool"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ull"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "lang_code": "is",
      "raw_tags": [
        "f"
      ],
      "word": "ull"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Faroese",
      "lang_code": "fo",
      "raw_tags": [
        "f"
      ],
      "word": "ull"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "lang_code": "nn",
      "raw_tags": [
        "f"
      ],
      "word": "ull"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmรฅl",
      "lang_code": "nb",
      "raw_tags": [
        "m or f"
      ],
      "word": "ull"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "lang_code": "sv",
      "raw_tags": [
        "c"
      ],
      "word": "ull"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Danish",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "raw_tags": [
        "c"
      ],
      "word": "uld"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "*wullล",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wullล"
    ],
    [
      "wull",
      "wull#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "wool",
      "wool#English"
    ],
    [
      "wolle",
      "wolle#Old_Frisian"
    ],
    [
      "wolla",
      "wolla#Old_High_German"
    ],
    [
      "Wolle",
      "Wolle#German"
    ],
    [
      "๐…๐Œฟ๐Œป๐Œป๐Œฐ",
      "๐…๐Œฟ๐Œป๐Œป๐Œฐ#Gothic"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*hโ‚‚welhโ‚-",
        "id": "wool"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*wullล"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wullล",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "wull"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English wull",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "wool"
      },
      "expansion": "English wool",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ofs",
        "2": "wolle"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Frisian wolle",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "wolla"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German wolla",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Wolle"
      },
      "expansion": "German Wolle",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "๐…๐Œฟ๐Œป๐Œป๐Œฐ"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic ๐…๐Œฟ๐Œป๐Œป๐Œฐ (wulla)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *wullล, whence also Old English wull (English wool), Old Frisian wolle, Old High German wolla (German Wolle), Gothic ๐…๐Œฟ๐Œป๐Œป๐Œฐ (wulla).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ullar",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "non-decl-f-o",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ล-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ull",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ullin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ullar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ullarnar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ull",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ullina",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ullar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ullarnar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ull",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ullu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ullinni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ullunni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ullum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ullunum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ullar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ullarinnar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ulla",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ullanna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "10": "{{{dative}}}",
        "11": "",
        "12": "{{{3}}}",
        "13": "or",
        "14": "",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{ap}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "genitive",
        "4": "ullar",
        "5": "or",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{datacc}}}",
        "9": "",
        "g": "f",
        "g2": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ull f (genitive ullar)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "2": "ullar"
      },
      "expansion": "ull f (genitive ullar)",
      "name": "non-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ull",
        "2": "ull",
        "dsd": "ullinni, ullunni",
        "dsi": "ull, ullu"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-f-o"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "apd": "ullarnar",
        "api": "ullar",
        "asd": "ullina",
        "asi": "ull",
        "dpd": "ullunum",
        "dpi": "ullum",
        "dsd": "ullinni, ullunni",
        "dsi": "ull, ullu",
        "g": "feminine",
        "gpd": "ullanna",
        "gpi": "ulla",
        "gsd": "ullarinnar",
        "gsi": "ullar",
        "notes": "",
        "npd": "ullarnar",
        "npi": "ullar",
        "nsd": "ullin",
        "nsi": "ull",
        "stem": "strong ล-stem",
        "title": "ull"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-blank-full"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ull",
        "2": "nsi"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ullin",
        "2": "nsd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ullar",
        "2": "npi"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ullarnar",
        "2": "npd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ull",
        "2": "asi"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ullina",
        "2": "asd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ullar",
        "2": "api"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ullarnar",
        "2": "apd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ull, ullu",
        "2": "dsi"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ullinni, ullunni",
        "2": "dsd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ullum",
        "2": "dpi"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ullunum",
        "2": "dpd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ullar",
        "2": "gsi"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ullarinnar",
        "2": "gsd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ulla",
        "2": "gpi"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ullanna",
        "2": "gpd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Norse",
  "lang_code": "non",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old Norse feminine nouns",
        "Old Norse lemmas",
        "Old Norse nouns",
        "Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Old Norse terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *hโ‚‚welhโ‚- (wool)",
        "Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old Norse ล-stem nouns",
        "Pages with 10 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "non:Anatomy"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "wool"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wool",
          "wool"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ull"
}

Download raw JSONL data for ull meaning in Old Norse (6.1kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Norse dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.